Effective process management has become the foundation of success for many businesses, regardless of the industry they operate in. Utilizing various methods, tools, and systems is crucial for project success. Currently, there are numerous project methodologies that indicate different paths to achieve the goal. What are the most popular methodologies, and in which industries are they applied?
What are project management methodologies?
Project management methodologies are a set of practices, tools, and approaches used to ensure the effective execution of projects. These methods include a wide range of activities, starting from project planning and goal definition, through risk management and progress monitoring, to final result evaluation. The objective is to maximize project outcomes and streamline processes. Properly selected methodologies enable effective management of time, resources, costs, project risks, and product quality. In reality, project management is about managing people. The key to success is striking a balance between the appropriate methodology and, naturally, team motivation. Even the best-suited methodology will not be efficient, if employees are dissatisfied with their assigned tasks.
Most popular project management methodologies
Project management is a process that requires meticulous planning, organization, and supervision of all stages of project execution. Methodologies differ from each other and emphasize various project aspects. They should be adjusted to available resources and client requirements. Therefore, what are some those methodologies?
- Waterfall Methodology (Classic) Waterfall is a classic method in which a project is divided into two stages - analysis and implementation. Each task must be completed before moving on to the next one. The stages have defined goals and requirements, and changes in the project are challenging to implement later on. The Waterfall methodology is often used in projects with a more traditional nature - such as construction projects, where precise specification of requirements and planning are essential. It is also useful in situations, where the project must be completed within a specific time frame, and the risk of delays needs to be minimized.
- Agile Methodology Agile is one of the most popular and flexible methodologies. The project is executed in iterations with clearly defined goals. The team regularly presents product versions to the client, receiving a stream of feedback. This methodology assumes that changes in the project should be quickly responded to, even if it means going back to earlier stages. Dividing work into short iterations allows for the elimination of potential errors, which are continuously detected and removed. This method of project execution provides the team with flexibility and the opportunity for early testing of solutions.
- Scrum Methodology Scrum is one of the methodologies used in the software development. It is based on Agile principles, where the project is divided into short iterations called „sprints”. In Scrum, the additional steps, such as daily team meetings, are introduced to discuss project execution. The methodology involves setting short-term goals, which can contribute to achieving excellent results. After completing one phase, the project team presents the client with a working version of the product (e.g., a section of an application) and then implements changes or moves on to the next iteration.
- Kanban Methodology Kanban methodology allows for flexible project management and work flow control. The project is divided into tasks, each assigned to a Kanban board with the task categories: New, In Progress, Completed. This method is particularly useful in projects where rapid response to change is required, with limited planning. The Kanban principle involves adjusting the number of tasks to be performed by employees and eliminating bottlenecks that disrupt the process. The methodology has its roots in the manufacturing industry, where the board was used to visualize the progress of production tasks.
- PRINCE2 Methodology The PRINCE2 project management methodology is considered the most universal. It is suitable for projects that require precision, control, strict planning, and risk assessment. Due to its flexibility, PRINCE2 can be applied to projects of various sizes and complexities in many industries and sectors.
Do you have to choose only one methodology?
The choice of the appropriate methodology depends on the project's nature, goals, client requirements, available resources, and the project team's predispositions. There is no single ideal methodology that will work for all projects. It is worth to thoroughly analyze the project's specifics and requirements and then choosing the best method or combining elements of different methodologies to create a hybrid approach, tailored to the project's specific needs. For tasks with a more traditional nature, such as construction projects, the Waterfall methodology may be the best choice. However, if the project is more complex and requires flexibility in approach to requirements and planning, Agile might be the better solution. Kanban can be suitable for various areas, such as IT, production, or administration, where the project is divided into specific stages. Meanwhile, the PRINCE2 method is applied in various areas, such as building projects, the implementation of new financial systems, medical technologies, or information systems.
The choice of methodology may change during project implementation, depending on progress and changes in client requirements or project plans. Ultimately, the decision to choose a methodology should be made after an insightful analysis of the project. The way tasks are executed should meet the team's needs. It is also essential to consider employees' competencies and experience in working with a specific methodology.
For individuals, who want to systematize or complement their knowledge of project management methodologies, we invite you to apply for postgraduate studies in Project Management at GFKM. The aim of the studies is to prepare participants for effectively managing projects using state-of-the-art methods and tools. The skills and knowledge acquired during the studies will allow for career development in organizations from various industries.
For project managers interested in agile project management techniques, we recommend the Agile and Agile Project Management Techniques training. The competencies gained in project management methodologies during the training complement the professional profile of a project manager. The training program focuses on practical knowledge that participants can apply in their daily project work.
